Grignard Reaction

GRIGNARD REACTION (Grignar) consists of the preparation of various organic substances with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds. Grignard found that iodides and bromides of hydrocarbons react with metallic magnesium in the presence of ether, forming compounds of the composition R.Mg.Br (or J), for example: C₅H₅I + Mg = C₅H₅Mg J; magnesium-ethyl-iodide C₅H₅Br + Mg = C₅H₅MgBr. magnesium-phenyl-bromide. Magnesium-organic compounds possess great reactivity. The areas of their application in organic synthesis are extremely numerous and diverse. They are decomposed by water with the formation of hydrocarbons; from aldehydes with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds secondary alcohols are prepared, from ketones tertiary, from formaldehyde primary alcohols, with CO₂ carboxylic acids can be obtained, with formic acid esters aldehydes are formed, with esters of other organic acids ketones. These reactions do not exhaust by far the diverse transformations carried out with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds. The latter react with nitriles, acid anhydrides and halogen anhydrides and many other compounds which are used for the preparation of various substances. The simple and convenient execution of the G. r., the relatively large yields and the purity of the products obtained have made it one of the most frequently applied methods of organic synthesis.

Magnesium-organic compounds possess great reactivity. The areas of their application in organic synthesis are extremely numerous and diverse. They are decomposed by water with the formation of hydrocarbons; from aldehydes with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds secondary alcohols are prepared, from ketones tertiary, from formaldehyde primary alcohols, with CO₂ carboxylic acids can be obtained, with formic acid esters aldehydes are formed, with esters of other organic acids ketones. These reactions do not exhaust by far the diverse transformations carried out with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds. The latter react with nitriles, acid anhydrides and halogen anhydrides and many other compounds which are used for the preparation of various substances. The simple and convenient execution of the G. r., the relatively large yields and the purity of the products obtained have made it one of the most frequently applied methods of organic synthesis.

Magnesium-organic compounds possess great reactivity. The areas of their application in organic synthesis are extremely numerous and diverse. They are decomposed by water with the formation of hydrocarbons; from aldehydes with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds secondary alcohols are prepared, from ketones tertiary, from formaldehyde primary alcohols, with CO₂ carboxylic acids can be obtained, with formic acid esters aldehydes are formed, with esters of other organic acids ketones. These reactions do not exhaust by far the diverse transformations carried out with the aid of magnesium-organic compounds. The latter react with nitriles, acid anhydrides and halogen anhydrides and many other compounds which are used for the preparation of various substances. The simple and convenient execution of the G. r., the relatively large yields and the purity of the products obtained have made it one of the most frequently applied methods of organic synthesis.