BESNIER

BESNIER, Ernest (1831-1909), an outstanding French clinical dermatologist and hygienist. For more than 30 years, he headed the Parisian dermatological school. In 1857, he defended his dissertation "On the recognition and treatment of incarcerated abdominal organs," which was awarded by the Medical Academy. From 1864 to 1872, he successively headed three major Parisian therapeutic hospitals. In 1873, he replaced Bazin at the Saint-Louis Hospital. B. was the first in France to establish histological and bacteriological laboratories in his dermatological department, popularized the method of biopsies, and even coined the term "biopsy"; he was the first chairman of the Dermatological Society in Paris; served on the editorial board of "Annales de Dermatologie et de Syphilographie"; was twice elected chairman of international dermatological congresses (in 1889 and 1900); and for his remarkable work on hygiene "On the laws governing epidemics" was elected a member of the Medical Academy in 1881. He introduced chrysarobin and pyrogallic acid, galvanocautery and scarification into dermatology. B. initiated the creation of a French dermatological encyclopedia (La Pratique dermatologique), in which he placed his classic work on eczema. He identified and developed, as a special type of dermatosis, pityriasis rubra pilaris (1889); established the clinical tuberculous nature of lupus vulgaris (1879-1882); was the first dermatologist to test tuberculin treatment for lupus (1891); identified as special types "prurigo diathesica" (1892-1896), facial ulcerative glanders (1891), arthropathic psoriasis (1886); at the leprosy congresses of 1887 and 1897, he presented classic reports on the contagiousness of leprosy, refuting the doctrine of anti-contagionists and others. One of his most significant works was the translation with commentary of Cazenave's dermatological textbook, in which there is a masterful critique of the views of the Vienna school and a masterful comparison of the views of the Vienna and Paris schools. B. was an honorary member of all European dermatological societies.

B. was the first in France to create histological and bacteriological laboratories in his dermatological department, popularized the method of biopsies, and even coined the term "biopsy"; he was the first chairman of the Dermatological Society in Paris; served on the editorial board of "Annales de Dermatologie et de Syphilographie"; was twice elected chairman of international dermatological congresses (in 1889 and 1900); and for his remarkable work on hygiene "On the laws governing epidemics" was elected a member of the Medical Academy in 1881. He introduced chrysarobin and pyrogallic acid, galvanocautery and scarification into dermatology. B. initiated the creation of a French dermatological encyclopedia (La Pratique dermatologique), in which he placed his classic work on eczema. He identified and developed, as a special type of dermatosis, pityriasis rubra pilaris (1889); established the clinical tuberculous nature of lupus vulgaris (1879-1882); was the first dermatologist to test tuberculin treatment for lupus (1891); identified as special types "prurigo diathesica" (1892-1896), facial ulcerative glanders (1891), arthropathic psoriasis (1886); at the leprosy congresses of 1887 and 1897, he presented classic reports on the contagiousness of leprosy, refuting the doctrine of anti-contagionists and others. One of his most significant works was the translation with commentary of Cazenave's dermatological textbook, in which there is a masterful critique of the views of the Vienna school and a masterful comparison of the views of the Vienna and Paris schools. B. was an honorary member of all European dermatological societies.