Abrikosov, Alexei Ivanovich

ABRIKOSOV, Alexei Ivanovich, born in 1875 in Moscow, graduated from the medical faculty of Moscow University in 1899. A well-known pathologist, professor of pathological anatomy at the 1st Moscow State University (since 1918), dean of the medical faculty (since 1924), and member of the Board (since 1927) of the 1st Moscow State University, member of the Moscow Soviet of Workers', Peasants', and Red Army Deputies, member of the State Academic Council, the Academic Medical Council of the People's Commissariat of Health, and member of the Methodological Medical Commission of the Main Administration for Professional Education. He is the director of the Pathological-Anatomical Institute of the 1st Moscow State University (since 1920) and prosector of the Botkin City Hospital since its founding (1911); in connection with the celebration of the 25th anniversary of A.'s activity (1924), the Pathological-Anatomical Institute of the latter was named by the Moscow Health Department the "A. I. Abrikosov Pathological-Anatomical Institute." A. is a member of the German Pathological Society and many scientific societies of the USSR; A. is the chairman of the Russian Society of Pathologists since its founding (1921) and one of the main organizers of the All-Union Congresses of Pathologists. He has about 50 published scientific works, the main ones being: "On the First Anatomical Changes at the Onset of Pulmonary Tuberculosis," dissertation, 1904 (the histogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis was precisely clarified for the first time), "On Rhabdomyomas of the Heart," 1909 (the histogenetic connection of rhabdomyomas with the Purkinje cells of the heart was proven for the first time), "On Congenital General Edema of Newborns," 1910 (the classification of this disease as a manifestation of fetal cachexia was established), "Primary Atrophic Processes of the Cerebellar Cortex," 1912 (the ante-mortem origin of these processes was clarified), "Morphology of Lipoids of Cellular Protoplasm," 1912 (the possibility of microchemically determining the chemistry of lipoids was established), "On the Histology of Calcareous Metastases," 1914 (the histology of lime deposition in unchanged tissue was clarified), "Bone Changes in Scurvy," 1916 (the identity of bone changes in scurvy in adults with Barlow's disease in children was established for the first time), "Pathological Anatomy of Sympathetic Ganglia," 1921 (attention was drawn for the first time to a number of pathological processes in sympathetic nodes), "On the Nomenclature and Classification of Pathological-Anatomical Forms of Pulmonary Tuberculosis," 1923 (a corresponding classification was proposed), "Rhabdomyomas of Voluntary Muscles," 1925 (the ante-mortem origin of these rare tumors was proven), "Pathological Anatomy of Fibrous Osteitis," 1926, "On Oleogranulomas," 1927 (the pathological anatomy of oleogranulomas was developed and their pathogenesis clarified), "On the Question of Systemic Hyperplasias of the Reticulo-Endothelium," 1927 (the independence of so-called reticuloendothelioses is confirmed). Textbooks: "Pathological Anatomy of Teeth," 1914 (the first textbook in the world on this subject), "Technique of Pathological-Anatomical Autopsies," 1925 (the only manual in the Russian language at the present time), "Fundamentals of Pathological Anatomy" (a revision of the textbook by M. N. Nikiforov), editions 1923, 1925, 1927.