BLANCHARD RAFAEL

BLANCHARD RAFAEL (Raphael Blanchard, 1857-1919), outstanding French parasitologist, founder of the first department of parasitology at a medical faculty (at the Sorbonne). His works cover the most diverse questions of medical parasitology, helminthology, arachno-entomology, and tropical medicine. In 1886, B. published a major work "Traite de Zoologie medicale" which became a solid summary of questions in medical parasitology. In 1898, he founded the journal "Archives de parasitologie" (now called "Annales de parasitologie humaine et comparee"), serving as its permanent editor for 16 years. Brilliant speeches by B. at various zoological, medical, and veterinary congresses, excellent propaganda articles, and his many years of pedagogical and scientific activity had enormous significance in the formation of the young medical discipline - parasitology. B. played a major role in the development of tropical medicine in France. In BLAPS, a genus of beetles from the family darkling beetles (Tenebrionidae). Blaps mortisaga L. is found in houses, cellars, near garbage pits. Blaps mucronata serves as an intermediate host for the thorny-headed worm Gigantorhynchus moniliformis Brems, which parasitizes the intestines of rats, mice, and other rodents. Calandruc-cio (Calandruc-cio) swallowed the larvae of the thorny-headed worm extracted from the beetles: after 3 weeks, the experimenter experienced severe abdominal pain, weakness, and diarrhea. With fern extract, 53 thorny-headed worms were expelled.