Boxing

BOXING (from English box-fist blow), fist fighting conducted according to special rules and constituting a sport that falls under weightlifting. French boxing permits blows with the foot as well, while English boxing permits only blows with the hands and not below the waist. The fight takes place on a square elevated platform (ring), surrounded by ropes, with gloves that soften the blow, in rounds (rounds) of 3 minutes each, with breaks of 1 minute. Abroad, the number of rounds among professional boxers reaches 12-15 and even 20. Victory, if there was no "knockout," is awarded based on the quantity and strength of blows and the condition of the opponent by the end of the fight. A knockout is defined as an unconscious state that sometimes occurs during a fight from a blow to the jaw, to the heart area, to the solar plexus (shock), from which the opponent does not recover within 10 seconds. For the purpose of equalizing strength, boxers are divided by weight into classes: "flyweight"-up to 50.8 kg, "bantamweight"-from 50.8 kg to 53.528 kg, "featherweight"-up to 57.152 kg, lightweight-up to 61.235 kg, welterweight-up to 68.68 kg, middleweight-up to 72.574 kg, light heavyweight-up to 79.378 kg and heavyweight-above this weight. - In the USSR, boxing is permitted only with a number of restrictions: professionalism is prohibited; amateur boxing is recommended, mainly, in the Red Army; the number of rounds is no more than three, and only completely healthy and well-trained boxers are admitted to competitions, which is established by mandatory medical control. Research conducted by the State Central Institute of Physical Culture to determine the role and place of boxing in Soviet physical culture showed that boxing as a physical exercise provides comprehensive physical development, develops courage, determination, self-control, endurance, and other qualities necessary in life and in battle. In Europe, and especially America, boxing is extremely widespread as a spectacle, attracting tens of thousands of spectators, and as such, it awakens antisocial instincts (gambling passion, passion, rudeness) in spectators; therefore, boxing competitions should, as a rule, be closed.