Hyper-, Hypo-

HYPER-, HYPO-. Hyper (from the Greek hyper- above, excessively) is a prefix denoting the intensification of a main concept. Hypo (from the Greek hypo- under) denotes the weakening of a main concept. For example: hyper-, hypacusia (from the Greek akouo - I hear) - increase, decrease in hearing acuity; hyper-, hypoanakinesia - increase, decrease in motor capacity. Hypergeusia, hypogeusia (from the Greek geusis - taste) - increase, decrease in gustatory sensitivity. Hyper-, hypophalangia - abnormal length or shortness of the finger phalanges; increase or decrease in the normal number of phalanges. Hyper-, hypofunction - enhancement, weakening of function. Hyper-, hypokinesthesia - excessively good well-being (manic state), depressed state. Hypermimia - excessive facial expressions, observed sometimes, for example, in pseudobulbar palsy; hypomimia - weakening of facial expressions, especially in paralysis agitans and postencephalitic parkinsonism. Hyper-, hypomnesia (from the Greek mnesis - recollection) - increase, decrease of memory. Hyper-, hyporexia (from the Greek orexis - demand, urge) - enhancement, weakening of appetite. Hyper-, hyposmia (from the Greek osme - smell) - increase, decrease of smell. Hyper-, hypopselaphesia (from the Greek pselaphao - I feel touch) - increase, decrease of tactile sensitivity. Hyper-, hyporeflexia - increase, decrease of reflex excitability. Hyper-, hyposensitivity - excessively increased, decreased excitability to stimuli. Hyper-, hypothermalgesia (from the Greek thermos - warm, algos - pain) - increase, decrease of thermo-pain sensitivity. Hyper-, hypotymia (from the Greek thymos - mood) - intensification, decrease of instinctive drives; exaltation or depressed mood. Hyperazoturia - increased excretion of nitrogenous substances in the urine. Hyperaphia - hypersensitivity. Hyperhedonia (from the Greek hedone - pleasure) - elevated mood, feeling of happiness, contentment. Hyperglobulia - abnormally elevated erythrocyte count in the blood (up to 14,000,000 in 1 cubic mm); symptoms - headache, dizziness, tinnitus, shortness of breath, general weakness, tendency to bleeding (synonyms: polycythemia, erythrocytosis, polyglobulia). Hyperdynamia (from the Greek dynamis - strength) - increase in strength, for example hyperdynamia uteri - excessively strong labor contractions, etc. Hyperprochoresis - tendency to move forward (synonym: propulsion). Hyperphrenia - psychotic state characterized by motor and speech agitation. Hypererethism (from the Greek erethismos - excitement) - asthenic type of reactions characterized by a rapid and intense rise and an equally rapid and intense fall of reaction to external stimuli. Hypererosia (from the Greek eros - love), synonym erotomania - morbid increase in sexual excitability, sexual drive (see Priapism, Satiriasis, Nymphomania). Hypobaropathy - mountain sickness. Hypokinesis (from the Greek kynesis - movement) - reduction of motor capacity, paresis. Hypomyotonia - muscle weakness. Hypotaxia - weakening of coordination capacity, mild degree of ataxia.