Konig

KONIG Arthur (Arthur Konig, 1856-1901), a noted German physiologist and biophysicist. Initially worked as a physicist under Helmholtz, then turned to research of a biophysical and physiological nature, particularly in the field of visual physiology. For a long time, he headed the department of physiology at the Berlin Physiological Institute. K. gained wide recognition through numerous studies on the psychophysical Weber law, color blindness, and visual acuity. He is thereby considered one of the founders of the new field of knowledge - biophysics. He participated with Helmholtz in the second edition of the famous "Handbook of Physiological Optics" (Hamburg-Leipzig, 1886-94). He founded and edited the "Journal of Psychology and Physiology of the Sense Organs" (Hamburg-Leipzig, 1890-1902). K.'s major works are collected in the posthumous edition - "Collected Treatises on Physiological Optics" (Leipzig, 1903).

KONIG Joseph (Joseph Konig, born 1843), an outstanding German chemist and agronomist. From 1871, he was a staff member at the agricultural institute in Münster. From 1892, he was professor there and also a staff member of the health department. He works mainly in the field of food chemistry. His works have gained wide circulation: "Chemistry of Human Food and Stimulants" (4th-5th ed., Vol. I-III and supplements, Berlin, 1903-29) - a classic guide and reference on food and taste substances; "Percentage Composition and Nutritional Value of Human Foodstuffs" (Berlin, 1902). In addition, the following works by K. should be mentioned: "The Pollution of Waters" (Berlin, 1899); "The Examination of Agricultural and Industrially Important Substances" (Berlin, 1905).

KONIG Franz (Franz Konig, 1832-1910), a noted German surgeon. For a long period after his assistantship, he worked as a rural physician, then as a hospital physician (in Hanau). In 1869, he took up a professorship in Rostock, then in Göttingen, and in 1895 in Berlin. K.'s activities reached their peak in Göttingen, where between 1875 and 1895 he published his works that established his reputation as the founder of the modern doctrine of tuberculosis of bones and joints. These works and his textbook on general surgery, in which he promoted antiseptic and later aseptic methods of wound treatment, were translated into all European languages and contributed to K.'s fame far beyond Germany. K. was chairman of the Congress of the German Surgical Society in 1893 and an honorary member of this society. Editor of the "Central Journal for Surgery" (Leipzig, 1880-1910). K.'s major works: "Textbook of Special Surgery" (Vol. I-III, Berlin, 1904-05); "The Tuberculosis of Human Joints as well as the Chest Wall and Skull" (Berlin, 1906).