Shaternikov

Shaternikov Mikhail Nikolaevich (born in 1870), Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, physiologist, closest student of I.M. Sechenov. After graduating from Moscow University in 1896 and defending his dissertation "A New Method for Determining the Amount of Exhaled Air and the CO₂ Content Therein" (Moscow, 189d), he was sent abroad for two years, where he worked in the laboratories of Schenk, Drude, Kriss, and Feit. From 1902 to 1911, he was a privat-docent at Moscow University. In 1903, he received the chair of physiology at the Moscow Higher Women's Courses, where he served as professor until 1924. At his initiative, the first physiological practical course in Russia was introduced here. In 1917, he returned to Moscow University (now the 1st Moscow Medical Institute), where he works to the present day. Since 1920, he has been director of the Institute of Physiology of Nutrition of the People's Commissariat of Health, which he himself organized. While still a privat-docent, Sh. participated in the popularization of physiological knowledge, giving lectures in public auditoriums and for several years serving as a physiology teacher on the Prechistensky Courses for workers. As editor of the physiology department, Sh. participated in the publication of the Great Medical Encyclopedia. In 1928, Sh. was elected a full member of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Halle (Germany). Sh.'s scientific works relate to the field of neuromuscular physiology, physiology of sensory organs and metabolism, some of which were carried out jointly with I.M. Sechenov. Under Sh.'s leadership, a whole school has now been formed that actively develops in our Union the problems of metabolism and energy. Some of these works were carried out with the help of a respiration apparatus designed by Sh. and bearing his name. Sh. has published a number of articles in German journals, and then "Guide to Practical Exercises in Physiology" (together with D. Romashov). Among Sh.'s most important merits is the collection of all scientific works of I.M. Sechenov, scattered in various periodicals, and their editing for the posthumous publication of I.M. Sechenov's works.