Killian

KILLIAN Gustav (Gustav Killian, 1860-1921), German laryngologist; began his medical activity in Mannheim, then worked in Freiburg, where in 1892 he received the title of professor, and in 1911 was invited to Berlin to the Charite clinic. K. is a brilliant reformer in many departments of rhino-laryngology: he developed direct methods for examining and treating the upper respiratory tract (bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy, suspension laryngoscopy), created the submucous resection operation of the nasal septum, the radical operation of the frontal sinus, studied the embryology of the nasal accessory cavities, tonsils, and esophagus, introduced the application of X-rays in the diagnosis of diseases of the nose, and elucidated the question of reflex neuroses of the nose.

K. published more than 100 scientific works; of these the most important are: "Zur Anatomie der Nase menschlicher Embryonen" (Arch. f. Laryngologie, Vol. III, 1895); "Entwicklungsgeschichtliche, anatomische u. klinische Untersuchungen uber Mandelbucht und Gaumenmandel" (ibid., Vol. VII, 1897-98); "Die Killianische Radikaloperation chronischer Stirnhohleneiterungen" (ibidem, Band XIII, 1903); "Die Nebenhohlen der Nase in ihren Beziehungen zu den Nachbarorganen" (Jena, 1903); "Die Schwebelaryngoskopie" (Arch. f. Laryngologie, Vol. XXVI, 1912); "Zur Geschichte der Endoskopie" (ibid., Vol. XXIX, 1915).