Pashutin

Pashutin Viktor Vasilyevich (1845-1901), famous Russian pathophysiologist, founder of pathophysiology as an independent experimental discipline and the first school of pathophysiology in Russia. He received secondary education at a seminary and higher education at the Medico-Surgical Academy. A student of Sechenov and Botkin. After graduating from the Academy (1868), he worked abroad with Ludwig, Huppert, Recklinghausen, and Hoppe-Seyler. In 1874-1878 he was professor of general pathology in Kazan, in 1878-1890 at the Military Medical Academy, and from 1890-1901 he was head of the academy. Author of the first comprehensive textbook on pathophysiology, which to this day has not lost its value ('Course of General and Experimental Pathology-Pathological Physiology,' Vol. I-II, St. Petersburg, 1885-1902). With his exceptional talents and broad scientific outlook, he greatly contributed to the development of pathophysiological knowledge in our country. Pashutin's main scientific contribution was the classical development of the doctrine of starvation, systematically presented in Vol. II of his textbook, where among other things he predicted the existence of vitamins and indicated their significance. Metabolism during starvation was studied in particular detail by P. and his students, for which they developed a very perfect methodology for studying gas exchange. Pashutin also developed a methodology for calorimetric studies in humans and animals, which is still used today. P. was the first to draw attention to pathological deposits of glycogen in tissues and introduced the concept of carbohydrate degeneration.