Antiemetics
Historical document, translated for reference. It reflects medical knowledge of the 1920s–30s and is not medical advice.
Summary
Anti-emetics are substances that prevent vomiting by acting on either the vomiting center, peripheral nerve receptors in the stomach lining, or by regulating the body's endocrine and autonomic nervous system interactions. They are categorized into three groups based on their mechanism of action.
Encyclopedia entry (1928–1936)
ANTIEMETICS, antiemetic agents, which exert their effect either through their influence on the vomiting center, or on the peripheral nerve apparatuses located in the mucous membrane of the stomach, or by regulating the disrupted interaction in the body between the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems. The first group includes morphine, which works best when administered subcutaneously, papaverine, and Eucodal (hydrochloric salt of dihydro-oxycodoneine). The second group of A. includes chloroform, administered per os in the form of chloroform water (Aqua chloroformii), sulfuric ether (Aether sulfuricus), Hoffmann's drops (Liquor anodynus Hoffmanni), cocaine, anesthesin (Cerium oxalicum), tincture of iodine (T-ra jodi), menthol, Validol, lemon juice, Seltzer and soda water, black coffee, wine, and swallowing pieces of ice. The third group includes ovarin, used in so-called intractable vomiting of pregnancy, and adrenaline, which calms vomiting movements in cases of vomiting due to adrenal insufficiency, observed both independently and during many acute infectious diseases.
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Cite this page
“Antiemetics.” Soviet Medical Encyclopedia. English translation of Bolshaya Meditsinskaya Entsiklopediya, 1st ed. (Moscow, 1928–1936), ed. N. A. Semashko. https://sovietmedicalencyclopedia.pages.dev/article/antiemetics/