Arak

Arak, an intoxicating beverage, widespread among the nomadic livestock herders in Siberia. It is obtained by distilling fermented cow or mare's milk (airan) in a wooden tub in the yurt. The first distillation contains about 8% alcohol and, due to its content of volatile acids, has an unpleasant taste. Through redistillation, A. is obtained not only with a higher alcohol content but also with a better taste. According to local customs, the consumption of A. by children and young people under 18-20 years of age or until marriage is not permitted. The content of toxic fusel oils in A. is high (up to 0.272%). Previously, A. had religious significance in shamanic rituals. Additionally, under the name A., a number of intoxicating beverages are known, prepared by the local population at home from various fruits (on the Black Sea coast-from plums, apples; in Transcaucasia and in Transcaspian region-from sultanas, etc.).