Friedrich Kraus
Historical document, translated for reference. It reflects medical knowledge of the 1920s–30s and is not medical advice.
Summary
Friedrich Kraus (1858-?) was a prominent German physician who made significant contributions to clinical medicine, particularly in the field of electrocardiography and the study of the autonomic nervous system. He served as a professor and director of medical clinics in Graz and Berlin, and was known for his philosophical approach to medicine and his support for scientific exchanges between Germany and the Soviet Union.
Encyclopedia article (1928–1936)
Friedrich Kraus (Friedrich Kraus, b. 1858), famous German therapist, graduated from Prague University, where he received the title of privat-docent in 1889. From 1892 - professor and director of the medical clinic in Graz, and after the death of Gerhardt (1902) - director of the II medical clinic at Charité in Berlin (until 1927). K. is a bright representative of the modern physiotherapeutic direction in clinical medicine, as well as the author of a number of fundamental works on the philosophy of medicine (see K. Kraus's doctrine). Together with Nikola, he first developed clinical electrocardiography (Das Elektrokardiogramm des gesunden und kranken Menschen). K. and his students (Brugsch, Levi, Leske, Dresel. S. G. Zondek) developed a chapter on the regulatory role of the autonomic nervous system and vegetative centers of the intermediate brain in metabolic processes and on the physiological relationships existing between the autonomic nervous system, endocrine apparatus and electrolytes ("Vegetative system", according to Kraus and Zondek). The philosophical views of K. are set forth by him in a two-volume work: Die allgemeine und spezielle Pathologie der Person, Klinische Syzygiologie (Lpz., Vol. I in 1919 and Vol. II in 1926). Under the editorship of K. together with Brugsch, a ten-volume guide on internal diseases ("Spezielle Pathologie und Therapie") was published, where he wrote an extensive chapter: Insuffizienz des Kreislaufapparates (insufficiency of the circulatory apparatus). He also wrote the chapter on "pathology of metabolism" in the popular guide by Mering.
K. is chairman of the Berlin Medical Society, honorary member of a number of foreign societies (including the Moscow Therapeutic Society). K. is co-editor of many German medical periodicals. K. is a friend of the USSR, always advocating for strengthening scientific ties between the USSR and Germany. K. repeatedly visited the USSR. For a number of years, K. was co-editor of the Russian-German journal, founded for the purpose of bringing together Soviet and German medical scientific thought. Many students of K. hold chairs at German and foreign universities.
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Cite this page
“Friedrich Kraus.” Soviet Medical Encyclopedia. English translation of Bolshaya Meditsinskaya Entsiklopediya, 1st ed. (Moscow, 1928–1936), ed. N. A. Semashko. https://sovietmedicalencyclopedia.pages.dev/article/friedrich-kraus/