Identical Points of the Retina
Historical document, translated for reference. It reflects medical knowledge of the 1920s–30s and is not medical advice.
Summary
Identical points of the retina are symmetrically located points on both retinas whose simultaneous stimulation by optical images creates the perception of a single object. The fovea centralis is considered the primary identical point.
Encyclopedia entry (1928–1936)
IDENTICAL POINTS OF THE RETINA, symmetrically located points on the retinas of both eyes, the simultaneous irritation of which by optical images causes the perception of a single object. The location of these points is most easily understood by the symmetrical superimposition of the left and right retinas onto each other in such a way that the centers of both yellow spots, as well as the corresponding quadrants of the retinas, coincide (upper with upper, right with right, etc.); under these conditions, the identical points will coincide. This method of finding identical points assumes the complete coincidence of all corresponding meridians of both retinas, and since these meridians intersect at the fovea centralis, the yellow spots are the main identical points. All objects whose images fall on non-identical points are perceived in duplicate—"they double".
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“Identical Points of the Retina.” Soviet Medical Encyclopedia. English translation of Bolshaya Meditsinskaya Entsiklopediya, 1st ed. (Moscow, 1928–1936), ed. N. A. Semashko. https://sovietmedicalencyclopedia.pages.dev/article/identical-points-of-the-retina/