Kushev, Nikolai Egorovich; Cushing, Harvey Williams

KUSHEV, Nikolai Egorovich (born in 1858), a well-known physician, public figure, and malariologist, organizer of the fight against malaria in the Volga region. He graduated from the medical faculty of Kazan University in 1883. Until 1899, he served as a zemstvo physician in Petrovsky Uyezd, Saratov Governorate; from 1900 to 1914, he was an ordinator at the provincial zemstvo hospital in Saratov; from 1915, a private docent; and from 1922, a professor in the Department of Diagnostics of Saratov University. Kushev began his scientific work while still a zemstvo physician ("Sanitary Description of the Village of Malaya Serdoba", "Trachoma in the Village of Stary Slavkin"); however, he gained particular fame for his work in the field of malaria. His first works in this area date back to 1903. Since 1922, he has been in charge of the Saratov Malaria Station, one of the first in the USSR. Here, he conducts extensive scientific and organizational work: he develops a network of malaria stations in Saratov Governorate, organizes courses on malaria, organizes and directs the Volga Malaria Congresses, and effectively unites the fight against malaria in the Volga region. Many of his works ("Lectures on Malaria", Saratov, 1925; "Endemic Malaria in the Volga Region", Saratov, 1927; "Chronic Malaria", Moscow-Leningrad, 1929, and others) are very popular. He serves as chairman of the Saratov Physico-Medical Society (since 1908), as well as a member of many other medical societies. Hero of Labor. More than 200 articles by Kushev have been published, both on special issues (internal diseases, malaria) and on issues of public health organization. CUSHING, Harvey Williams (born in 1869), an outstanding specialist in brain surgery, professor at Harvard Medical School in Boston. A product of the famous Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. From the very beginning of his career, he became interested in brain surgery, subsequently publishing a number of major works on this subject. He proposed a number of his own surgical methods, which have gained wide distribution and bear his name. Cushing's material in this field is one of the largest in the world. At the same time, Cushing is intensively developing problems from other areas of surgery. Cushing's main monographic works: "Tumors of the brain and meninges" (Philadelphia-N.Y., 1910); "Hydrocephalus" (Philadelphia-N.Y., 1910); "The pituitary body and its disorders" (Philadelphia, 1912); "Tumors of the nervus acusticus and the syndrome of the cerebello-pontile angle" (Philadelphia-L., 1917); "Electrosurgery as aid to removal of intracranial tumors" (Surgery, gynecology a. obstetrics, v. XLVII, 1928).