Nerve Nodes

Nerve nodes, synonym ganglia (ganglion), a limited cluster of nerve cells located outside the central nervous system (with the small exception of gangl. basale, opticum, habenulae), along the course of peripheral nerves, both cerebrospinal (sensory) and autonomic; N. n. are divided into cerebrospinal nerve nodes and autonomic nodes. They reach particularly large numbers in the autonomic nervous system (parasympathetic and sympathetic); in addition to forming the border column located on each side along the spine, they are found in all plexuses that the autonomic system forms around blood vessels and all internal organs, as well as in the walls of some of them (e.g., in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, heart, etc.). In addition to cells, the node also includes nerve fibers; on the outside, the ganglion is covered by a capsule, which is a continuation of the perineurium of the approaching nerves. The structure of the node-see Nerve ganglia. In the table (pp. 301-308) all isolated ganglia of both the cerebrospinal and autonomic nervous systems are noted.