Czerny

CZERNY Adalbert (Adalbert Czerny; b. 1863), an outstanding clinical pediatrician, founder of an entire pediatric school; born in Galicia, studied in Prague, where he defended his dissertation in 1888 and for 7 years was assistant to Epstein. Even at that time, according to Fischl, he showed outstanding abilities and a brilliant mind. In 1893 - privat-docent, in 1894 he received a chair in Breslau. In 1910 - professor in Strasbourg and from 1913 replaced Heubner in Berlin at the chair, which he brilliantly headed until 1932, when due to age he had to retire. A great clinician, he is particularly known for his works on physiology and pathology of digestion and metabolism in children, the first to introduce the concept of nutritional disorders and developed their classification. Pediatrics is indebted to him for the restoration of the concept of 'diatheses' and the isolation of the clinic of exudative diathesis. In Germany, his book 'Der Arzt als Erzieher des Kindes' (Lpz.-Wien, 1908), translated into Russian (M., 1928), enjoys great popularity. Along with great observational ability and knowledge of the child, Czerny, in accordance with the reactionary tenets of bourgeois pedagogy, considers it permissible to allow corporal punishment as an educational method and, so to speak, to legitimize the use of pacifiers in infants. His main work 'Des Kindes Ernährung, Ernährungsstörungen und Ernährungstherapie' (Leipzig-Wien, 1906) was published in cooperation with Prof. A. Keller in 1906-18 (2nd ed., 1928).