GRANCHER

GRANCHER, Jacques Joseph (Jacques Joseph Grancher, 1843-1907), French pediatrician; intern in 1867, then head of histological laboratory at the anatomy theater (1867-78), where he wrote several works on the anatomical unity of tuberculosis, on the curability of tuberculosis, etc. He devoted the greater part of his life to the study of the latter and to the fight against it. In questions concerning the unity of tuberculous processes, Grancher was a follower of Laennec, but contrary to him he proved that the human organism, with the help of its cellular reactions, has a tendency toward spontaneous healing of tubercles. In his book "Maladies de l'appareil respiratoire" (P., 1890), Grancher describes the early signs of tuberculosis of the lungs. He was the first to describe the symptoms of splenopneumonia. Being a pupil of Pasteur, he worked with him on vaccines against rabies. From 1885, Grancher was professor of the pediatric clinic and established in the Hopital des enfants malades scientific methods of teaching, hospital antisepsis, and the individual isolation of the child. Together with Martin (M. Martin), he made the first attempts at tuberculosis vaccination. Together with Combis and Marfan, he participated in the publication of "Traite des maladies de l'enfance" (v. I-V, P., 1904-05), founded the journal "Archives de medecine des enfants" (P., from 1898), and finally his favorite creation: "Oeuvre de preservation de l'enfance contre la tuberculose", an organization built on the early removal of the child from the tuberculous environment. The most important works of Grancher, besides the book mentioned: "De l'unite de la phtisie" (P., 1873); "De la medication tonique" (P., 1875); "Prophylaxie de la tuberculose" (P., 1898).

Together with Martin (M. Martin), he made the first attempts at tuberculosis vaccination. Together with Combis and Marfan, he participated in the publication of "Traite des maladies de l'enfance" (v. I-V, P., 1904-05), founded the journal "Archives

de medecine des enfants" (P., from 1898), and finally his favorite creation: "Oeuvre de preservation de l'enfance contre la tuberculose", an organization built on the early removal of the child from the tuberculous environment. The most important works of Grancher, besides the book mentioned: "De l'unite de la phtisie" (P., 1873); "De la medication tonique" (P., 1875); "Prophylaxie de la tuberculose" (P., 1898).