Lane's Ligaments

LANE'S LIGAMENTS (Lane), described by Lane in 1911; they occur in the area of the distal segment of the ileum and extend across it to the entrance of the small pelvis. The segment of the ileum at this point is as if spread out on the abdomen over the underlying muscle and is immovably fixed by these ligaments. Lane also described ligaments extending from the point where the sigmoid colon transitions into the colon pelvinum to the entrance of the small pelvis and the fossa iliaca (first and last kink of Lane). If there is no fat deposition within the ligaments, they appear as veil-like, translucent formations. Histological examination reveals they consist of loose connective tissue with numerous blood and lymphatic vessels. The surface of the ligaments is lined with flat epithelium, completely identical to the epithelial covering of normal peritoneum (Rezanov). Regarding the mechanism of formation of membranes along the colon, as well as Lane's ligaments, the following two explanations are currently most popular: 1) inflammatory origin under the influence of endo- or exogenous infection (Pal, Graser and others); 2) development of ligaments during fetal life as a result of deviations in intestinal development during the rotation and descent of intestinal loops (Lane, Rezanov, Mauo). Lane's ligaments are often encountered: Borovsky found them 32 times out of 273 operations (Lane's kink). Often these Figures I-VI-beginning and course of lemniscus medialis; fig. III-VI-beginning, course and end of lemniscus lateralis. Due to technical conditions, in fig. I-III-lemn. med. is shown in a descending direction, whereas it actually goes in an ascending direction (diagram). Figure I. Cross-section of the medulla oblongata in its lower part: 1-funiculus gracilis; 2-nucleus funiculi gracilis; 3-funiculus cuneatus; 4-nucleus funiculi cuneati; 5-fibrae arcuatae internae; 6-decussatio lemniscorum; 7-gray matter of the central canal; 8-substantia gelatinosa Rolandi (nucleus of the spinal root of the trigeminal nerve); 9-substantia reticularis; 10-pyramids of the medulla oblongata; 11-Gowers' bundle. Figure II. Cross-section of the medulla oblongata in its upper parts: 1-loop layer (lemn. med.); 2-raphe; 3-pyramids; 4-inferior olive of the medulla oblongata; 5-Gowers' bundle; 6-corpus restiforme; 7-substantia gelatinosa Rolandi; 8-vestibular nucleus; 9-fasciculus solitarius; 10-floor of the fourth ventricle; 11-nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve; 12-posterior longitudinal fasciculus; 13-substantia reticularis; 14-olivocerebellar fibers. Figure III. Cross-section of the pons Varolii in its lower parts: 1-lemniscus medialis; 2-nuclei et fibrae propriae of pons Varolii; 3-pyramids; 4-corpus trapezoideum; 5-superior olive; 6-lemniscus lateralis; 7-Gowers' bundle; 8-substantia gelatinosa Rolandi; 9-corpus restiforme; 10-Bechterew's nucleus; 11-nucleus of the abducens nerve; 12-fasciculus longitudinalis posterior; 13-substantia reticularis; 14-nucleus of the facial nerve. Figure IV. Cross-section of the pons Varolii in its upper parts: 1-lemniscus medialis; 2-nucleus lemnisci lateralis; 3-lemniscus lateralis; 4-brachium conjunctivum; 5-fourth ventricle; 6-fasciculus longitudinalis posterior; 7-substantia reticularis; 8-pyramids; 9-fibrae propriae of pons Varolii. Figure V. Cross-section of the cerebral peduncle in its lower parts: 1-lemniscus medialis; 2-lemniscus lateralis; 3-nucleus lemnisci lateralis; 4-posterior quadrigeminal body; 5-aqueduct of Sylvius; 6-nucleus of the trochlear nerve; 7-posterior longitudinal fasciculus; 8-fibrae propriae of pons Varolii; 9-pyramids. Figure VI. Cross-section of the cerebral peduncle in its upper parts: 1-lemniscus medialis; 2-lemniscus lateralis; 3-medial geniculate bodies; 4-pulvinar; 5-anterior quadrigeminal body; 6-posterior commissure; 7-aqueduct of Sylvius; 8-nucleus of the oculomotor nerve; 9-posterior longitudinal fasciculus; 10-red nucleus; 11-oculomotor nerve; 12-substantia nigra; 13-base of the cerebral peduncle. (To illustrate the article Lemniscus lateralis, medialis.)