Sochi

SOCHI, a coastal climatic station of state importance on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, between Novorossiysk and Batumi at 43°34' N. latitude and 39°46' E. longitude from Greenwich. The resort value of S. is determined mainly by the proximity of Matesta. The city of Sochi is divided into four parts: upper and lower city, Khudovskaya and Frunzenskaya sides, of which the latter two are actually resort areas. The Khudovskaya side is separated from the lower city by the Sochi River. On the Khudovskaya side, in its best upper part, on the seashore, are the buildings of the 'Caucasian Riviera' - the rest house of the USSR Central Executive Committee, and along the steep shore, above the beach, other resort buildings - former dachas of the Russian aristocracy. The Frunzenskaya side is properly planned and year-round is buried in the decorative greenery of parks and gardens, of which the Kim dendrarium, formerly the Khudyakov botanical garden, is of great interest, where the richest collection of subtropical vegetation has been collected. Two types of weather are characteristic for the Sochi region: winter cyclonic and summer anticyclonic, the boundary between which is taken as the most probable onset of the average daily temperature at 10°, i.e., from April 20 to November 10 (Selyaninov G. T.). An unpleasant feature of the Sochi winter is great cloudiness and frequent rains. Precipitation in summer has the character of short-term thunderstorm rains or downpours; the least rainfall falls in August. The prevailing wind force fluctuates within 2-5 m/sec., strong winds are almost absent due to the protection of the Caucasian mountains, reaching in the S. area a height of 2135 m above sea level. During the day a breeze blows from the sea, at night - from the mountains. For S. it is characteristic of almost complete absence of calms for most of the day. The main meteorological factors are given in Table 1.

Table 1. Meteorological data V VI VII VIII Annual 5.9 6.1 8.6 11.1 15.8 19.8 22.6 22.9 19.6 16.1 11.2 8.2 14.1 - 6t oo 1 403 Amplitude Average air temperature . . . Average number of days with daily temperature above 10° (1896-1925) ..... Average relative humidity in % ... . Average cloudiness in %.......... Precipitation in mm...... cations (H+, K+, Na+, Zn2+ etc.), and the anion of the so-called acid is detected as follows: 1) with a solution of ferric chloride - blue coloring; 2) when heating the so-called preparations with fuming nitric acid, violet vapors (iodine) are released, and sulfuric acid is formed in the solution, recognizable with the help of the barium ion; 3) when calcining the so-called salts, iodine is also released, leaving in the form of ash the corresponding sulfate salt (with the exception of the completely volatile mercury and ammonium salts).

S. Shubin. The beginning of the bathing season is between June 8-11, the end is October 12-20. We give the water temperature in the sea at different hours (Table 2, p. 221). The beach of the Sochi region belongs to the pebble type. The Riviera beach is a terrace 20-24 m wide, rising gently above sea level by 1-1.25 m. The sea bottom gradually slopes down and at a distance of 6-7 m reaches a depth of 1 m. The bottom near the shore is composed of fine pebbles, and further from the shore of boulders and large pebbles. Sochi-Matesta district at present is the most visited resort of the USSR with a great future. The season in Sochi is year-round. Communication with Sochi is by steamer and by the North Caucasian railway. The line of the North Caucasian railway reaches Adler and ensures regular delivery of patients living in Sochi and other districts to receive baths in New and Old Matesta. The delivery of patients is also carried out on automobiles on a tarred highway. Contraindications to staying in Sochi. 1. Diseases of the cardiovascular system: unfinished acute inflammations from the side of the heart and blood vessels, clearly expressed and persistent phenomena of decompensation of the heart, vascular system; hypertension of renal origin, as well as with phenomena of severe general arteriosclerosis; angina pectoris with frequent, prolonged and intense attacks; aneurysms. 2. Tuberculosis of all organs and systems. 3. Organic diseases of the nervous system with persistent and completed changes; neuroses with sharply increased excitability, traumatic neurosis, psychoneuroses. 4. Furunculosis and other pyogenic skin diseases. 5. Diseases of the kidneys and liver, l. goldfail. Table 2. Time of measurement V VI VII VIII 5 p.m. . . . 9 p.m. .... 11.2 12.1 12.1 11.6 14.9 16.3 16.4 15.5 19.0 22.6 20.7 24.2 20.7 24.3 19.9 23.5 24.3 26.5 25.4 24.9 22.7 23.7 23.5 23.0 19.3 19.9 19.8 19.5 15.4 15.8 15.7 15.6